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Toggle Menu Close. They may check levels of other hormones at the same time. This information can help explain the cause of specific medical concerns. They will then send the sample for testing. The natural levels of prolactin in the body change throughout the day.
Levels gradually rise overnight and are at their highest in the morning. A common cause of low levels is medication. Some examples include dopamine and levodopa. In some cases, low levels of prolactin may be a sign of a pituitary disorder, for example, hypopituitarism. This is a rare condition that can delay growth and puberty in children, and cause premature aging in adults. This level of prolactin in the blood can have many causes.
If a doctor suspects that a prolactinoma is causing high levels, they may recommend a CT or MRI scan. The scan can look at the pituitary gland and show if there is a growth and how large it has become. Doctors can then decide what action and treatment to recommend. A prolactinoma will usually remain small in females.
It often does not cause other health problems, although it will affect hormone levels. A prolactinoma can be large in men. The growth may put pressure on the nerves between the brain and the eye. This can cause problems with vision and headaches. For women, high levels of prolactin in the blood can stop the ovaries from making the hormone estrogen. Low levels of estrogen can cause irregular periods or stop periods completely, reduce sex drive, and cause vaginal dryness.
A person may also find it more challenging to get pregnant. For men, high levels of prolactin can cause erectile dysfunction and low sex drive. This effect in men is because prolactin can stop the testes from producing the hormone testosterone.
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